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Category: finance

Youth unemployment, the root of disruption

Tuesday, 14 December 2010 17:45 Written by Eric Garland 1 Comment

Our educational and economic institutions of the future are more likely to be disrupted in the future by the millions of young people around the world unable to find meaningful employment in a timely fashion. After all, people are much less likely to see institutions as infallible when they weren’t very helpful.

José Manuel Salazar, Executive Director of the International Labor Organization reports that youth unemployment around the world is between 2.5 and 3.0 times higher than those of older, more experienced adults. He gives a variety of reasons, from lack of financial resources to move for work, to the fact that employers in times of strife can choose from more experienced talent.

This trend meets with another trend as we go forward, the increase of the cost of education. In the United States, four-year universities have increased in price between three and four times in real, inflation-adjusted dollars, within 30 years. That means young people coming out with more debt than ever, needing real employment in their fields making good money as soon as possible to begin to offload the heavy yoke of that obligation.

Those young people need work more than ever and aren’t finding it. Why then will they continue to believe that $50,000 per year universities are necessarily the way to success? How many of them are going to be faced with modern indentured servitude, unable to walk away from those debts no matter what the outcome?

The system is frontloading too much risk onto the youth of the industrialized world, and that risk is not resulting in increased returns as it might in other types of investment. Who will blame them if they can imagine a system of learning and work that does not involve a multi-billion dollar educational-financial cartel?

Signs of the times

Monday, 13 December 2010 15:01 Written by Eric Garland 0 Comments

When you’ve been in the business of forecasting for more than a decade, it’s fascinating to see how your past scenarios become current events.

More than ten years ago, I remember discussing the conundrum of digital imaging with the executives of Kodak. It’s not that they didn’t see this coming, it’s that there was no elegant way to repurpose billions in chemical factory infrastructure for a world of integrated circuits and hard drives. Looking back at 1999, it was difficult to see a world where Kodak thrived using anything resembling their old model of competitive advantage.

Today, Kodak has now been delisted from the S&P 500, along with the New York Times and Office Depot. Added onto the list of bellweather stocks is Netflix, a company whose shared are trading near $200, a company whose business model seemed like a long-shot at the time.

The whole point of analyzing future is to understand upcoming competitive dynamics. There will be new winners and new losers.

Competitive…Futures…yeah, I like the ring of that.

The Dow Jones: Celebrating 10 years at 10,000!

Monday, 05 July 2010 15:26 Written by Eric Garland 0 Comments

Past returns are no indicator of future success. This one sentiment is the rationale for future-focused thinking, especially for countries and companies that have achieved prosperity and greatness. The cleverness of our forebears will not guarantee future returns, financial, cultural, social or otherwise.

Which brings me to a discuss of the stock market of the future. The Dow Jones just celebrated ten years hovering around 10,000. Some doomsday types are predicting a potential fall to 1,000, some are more sanguine, and the world’s pension funds appear to expecting a long boom.

Back in 2008, when everything was up for debate, I remember the violent reaction many Americans had to the notion that the stock market might not rebound. I recall floating this idea back when the banks fell over, and I people acted as if I had insulted their mother, slapped Santa Claus, and kicked a puppy. Of course the Dow will come back. Don’t you know that since the Great Depression it has always been a good investment? This means it will be a good investment in the future. To suggest otherwise is a mix of ignorance and intentional blasphemy.

2010 marks an important anniversary – the Dow Jones Industrial Average has remained at 10,000 for ten full years. If you only take the last ten years, your savings account was a better investment than stocks. You could make money trading stocks, but it is increasingly clear that the only people doing this effectively have football field-sized computers for high-frequency trading and a phalanx of astrophysicists providing the mathematical formulas.

What will stocks do in the future? That’s not really the issue here. Start by accepting the notion that past returns are no guarantee of future performance. And then, keep thinking.

Major signs of dissolution of the global finance system

Tuesday, 13 April 2010 08:51 Written by Eric Garland 0 Comments

Collectively, we have desperately wanted to ignore the larger implications of what people falsely call the “Crisis of 2008” or the “Banking Crisis” or even less correctly, the “Subprime Crisis.” The implications are too big, so it’s better not to pay attention, soothing ourselves with discussions of “green shoots” and chipper news reports that “the American consumer is BACK, baby!” The last thing our news media wants to do is continue the study of what happened, what it really means, and what’s next. This is a shame, as we are guessing that there is much in the way of “crisis” to come.

Here at Competitive Futures, we absolutely recommend studying disruptive events with the goal of creating strategies for the survival of YOUR company. Over and over again, we say a crisis for some is not necessarily a crisis for you, if you plan ahead. So when we predict major disruption, it’s not that we want to gather up a few bottles of tequila, some old records, good friends, and just wait for “the end.” Quite on the contrary, we think that it’s time for action, no matter how disruptive the news may be.

So then, just some of the news:

  • Japan, the world’s second largest economy, may begin missing payments on its bonds, rendering it functionally bankrupt.
  • Los Angeles, the second largest city in the United States, the tax base of which includes media, defense contracting, and major shipping, is nearly out of cash. It’s bond rating has been reduced by Moody’s to Aa3, a medium-grade risk investment.
  • Greece has been saved by preferential loans of thirty billion Euros from fifteen of the EU member states. Nobody, however, is discussing what happened, why it happened, or how to keep it from happening again.

The pattern emerging here is that we have major early warning signals that the current “crisis” is part of a much larger reorganization of society and economics. Whereas last time we focused on the debt shenanigans of private companies (AIG, Wells Fargo, Bear Stearns, Lehman, et al.) this time the focus is on nation-states themselves. This isn’t about stocks, from which people expect some risks, but government bonds, which are supposed to be the dullest part of anybody’s portfolio next to shoelace futures or large stockpiles of sugar packets.

Nobody is talking about how much of a rupture this could be, which is no surprise given how little people wanted to discuss the last “crisis.” Before, this was presented as a crisis of economy – “The economy has taken a bad turn; we will bail out the private actors and things will return to normal. Oh yeah, and regulate some stuff…maybe, so that this doesn’t happen again. Not that we knew what happened.”

Now, with the bankruptcy of major cities and states and entire countries, we have a crisis of the global system. Nation-states are attempting the regulate financial actors that are orders of magnitude larger than the agencies that purport to have legal control over them. It doesn’t really work, but when push comes to shove, the people accept the sovereignty of their elected governments to print currency, engage a stimulus, or create new regulatory regimes. The inverse is not true for nation-states.  Once nations have failed, our final unit of geopolitical analysis is finally gone. If Japan defaults, they can’t really send out Mizuho Financial to negotiate on their behalf or print a stimulus. The Yomiuri Shimbun isn’t really the official spokesperson for the nation – their foreign ministry is. And after all, it’s the government that backs the currency the businesses use, not the other way around.

You might imagine, after being caught flat-footed in 2008, that our managerial culture would be more sensitive to these emerging patterns and their potential implications.

Some will pay attention, and those people can position themselves for success. Will that be you?

Assuming a bright future – pensions drag down General Motors

Thursday, 08 April 2010 09:38 Written by Eric Garland 0 Comments

One of our more accurate predictions at the end of 2008 was the soon-to-be-discovered catastrophe of unfunded pensions. As 2010 develops, we see that many of the current hotspots in the ill-defined “financial crisis” are tied to this one issue of having overvalued the future at the expense of the present.

California is sitting on around $500 billion (!) in liability. The state of Illinois is short $78 billion for it’s pensions. Now, here comes The New General Motors, still losing billions after a taxpayer bailout. The Government Accountability Office has recently released a report about how pensions will likely drag the ailing manufacturer down starting in 2012 or so. (h/t to Megan McArdle at The Atlantic for quality analysis here – also, the comments section is a stitch)

What happens in 2012? The bulk of the Boomers start cashing in those defined-benefit pension plans, heading to the doctor’s more often, and generally turning 65 at the rate of 7000 per day. Aren’t forecasts useful? This is why we call it a megatrend – it will impact car companies, state governments, universities, national governments, baseball teams, travel agencies – everybody.

Nothing is more dangerous than a business decision based entirely on, “sunny, bright scenarios of fantastic success at 8% returns for all of our investors, forever!”

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About the blog

This is the official trend blog of Competitive Futures, a management consultancy that provides trend research and analysis for business and government around the world. Here, we update you on interesting trends we see as part of our work for our clients.


For managing partner Eric Garland's new author and speaker blog, please consult and bookmark http://www.ericgarland.co

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